学术论文的Introduction部分一般包含以下要素：

General introduction

Problem definition

Gaps in the literature

Problems solution

Study motivation

Aims & objectives

Significance and advantages of your work

No.1

General introduction

Research on __ has a long tradition

For decades, one of the most popular ideas in __ literature is the idea that __

Recent theoretical developments have revealed that __

A common strategy used to study __ is to __

This research constitutes a relatively new area which has emerged from __

These approaches have been influential in the field because of __

In the past several decades, __ have played an important role in __

There are growing appeals for __

This is the field of study that deals with __

Most of the theories of __ are however focused on explaining __

There are three major theoretical and conceptual frameworks for __

The field has gradually broadened as __

This field of study is sometimes referred as __

This has been widely adopted in the field of __

This thesis considers the field of __ as the main subject of its study

One of the major topics to be investigated in this field is __

This is now a mature field which is now being spun out into commercial applications __

This field is maturing, with a wealth of well-understood methods and algorithms __

This field closely follows the paradigm of __

The field has met with great success in many problems __

The field only really took off in the late __ as it became more accessible to __

This is not particularly new and has been used for many years in the field of __

This field closely follows the paradigm of __

Widely considered to be a good way to __

This has been widely adopted in the field of __

This is more widely used at the time of __

This phenomenon has been widely observed

A common technique is to __

This is a technique common in __

There are several common kinds of __

No.2

Problem definition

This seems to be a common problem in __

This leads to myriad problems in __

The main problem is that __

There is a further problem with __

One primary problem with __ is that __

The methods are not without their problems as will be discussed in __

The foremost problems are the facts that __

This makes up for the problem of __

This seems to be a common problem in __

This is a complex problem and to simplify it requires __

A challenging problem which arises in this domain is __

These problems are difficult to handle __

This is typically a complex problem __

A well-known problem with __ is that it does not take into account the __

One of the problems is that it considers only the __

The key problem with this technique is __

It is usually an ill-posed problem in the case of __

This problem is well-posed and does not require to impose __

This appears as a more straightforward problem compared to the __

This turns out to be even more problematic because __

The problem with such an implementation is that __

This poses some problems when carrying out the __

This problem has attracted more attention in the field of __

This is a basic chicken-and-egg problem because __

Unfortunately, this approach results in problems related to __

These constraints make the problem difficult to __

Most of the research in this field is aimed at solving this problem.

This remains an open problem in the area.

This problem has received substantial interest.

These examples highlight the problem that __

The main practical problem that confronts us is __

No.3

Gaps in literature

There is no previous research using __ approach.

As far as we know, no previous research has investigated __

There has been less previous evidence for __

Other studies have failed to __

To our knowledge, no study has yielded __

No study to date has examined __

Only a few studies have shown __

However, __ has rarely been studied directly.

Moreover, few studies have focussed on __

In particular no study, to our knowledge, has considered __

No.4

Problems solution

One way to overcome these problems is to __

There are many alternative methods are available for solving these problems.

In order to rectify the problem of __

A solution to this problem is proposed in __

One approach to solve this problem involves the use of __

An alternative approach to the problem is __

This can be applied to solve these problems.

A number of works have shown that this problem can be overcome by using __

A large number of alternative approaches have been developed over the last few decades to __

To overcome this problem, in the next section we demonstrate __

One way to overcome this problem is to __

To overcome this problem, some approaches have been made __

One way of recovering from this problem could be to __

This has been proposed to surmount the problems caused by __

A different approach to the traditional problem is given in __

A whole range of different approaches to the problem are available.

These techniques have potential to solve contemporary problems in __

We should tailor specific solutions to specific problems __

The standard solution to the problem is based on __

The solution proposed here addresses only the problem of __

There are techniques that have been developed to solve this problem __

This problem is usually overcome by __

There have been several attempts to solve the problem __

There exist many methods for dealing with this problem __

Broadly speaking, the problem can be addressed by __

One of the simplest ways of tackling this problem is __

This problem has been largely studied and many viable solutions have been found.

In general, this problem can be tackled in two different ways.

Other approaches have been shown to cope with the problem more efficiently.

We will review the main approaches to solve this problem.

Recently, a more general solution has been proposed for this problem.

Both these works provide a solution to the problem.

Recent methods focus on overcoming the problems by proposing different schemes for __

This strategy is not uncommon in this kind of problems.

We can apply our algorithm to solve this difficult problem.

This is how the problem can be tackled __

We have developed this generic method to solve a variety of problems.

We will now demonstrate our method on some specific problems.

Here we solve several problems simultaneously.

We have undergone a rethinking of the problem by __

A possible solution to the problem at hand is __

It is clear that the problem could be easily tackled by __

No.5

Study motivation

It is of interest to know whether __ still hold true.

It would be of special interest to__

We therefore analyzed __ and investigated whether __

For this study, it was of interest to investigate __

We investigated whether __ can be partly explained by __

To examine the impact of __, we tested __

We have investigated the effect of __

We characterize different aspects of __

One way to investigate __ was to __

A new approach is therefore needed for __

To illuminate this uncharted area, we examined __

No.6

Aims & objectives

The aim is to develop more sophisticated methods for __

The aim of this work is to develop __

The aims in this chapter are twofold: First __, Second __

For our first goal, we focus on two problems __

The aim here is to investigate __

The overall goal of this work was to __

This project aims to develop an overarching framework to __

The aim of the experiment is to compare __

The ultimate goal is to produce a __

The overall goal of this thesis was to pursue __

After defining the problem we explain the goals of the thesis.

With this aim in mind, in this paper we present a new method for __

Our research aims at finding a solution for this challenging problem of __

There is no overall goal, apart from __

We examine some previous work and propose a new method for __

There are too many simultaneous goals making it difficult to __

One of the major aims of this work was to create __

The main objective is to investigate methods for improving __

The objectives can be restated in the light of __

The objective is to devise and implement a system for __

The objectives were partially met by developing a method to __

The objective is to demonstrate the feasibility of __

One of the objectives is to improve the __

No.7

Significance and advantages

of your work

This thesis documents several key contributions made to the fields of __

This thesis has made a number of significant contributions to the field of __

The contributions made here have wide applicability.

The contributions made should be of wide interest.

The first main contribution proposed in this field is a __

The contributions of this work are presented as follows: __

The main achievements, including contributions to the field can be summarised as follows: __

We summarize the main contributions of this thesis.

The key contribution of this work is the solution it provides __

It has numerous advantages as explained here __

It has significant benefits in terms of __

There is a clear advantage in following the methods of __

This has particular advantages over other __

All of these advantages make it particularly valuable in __

One of the primary benefits of this algorithm is __

This gives a significant advantage because __

These point out the advantages and practicability of __

One of the key benefits of the algorithm is __

The main advantage compared to previous method is __

This present some practical advantages.

The main advantage is the simplified pattern.

One practical advantage of the method is that it can be used in __

The advantage becomes all the more significant when __

In comparison with other techniques, this method has the advantage of __

The most important advantage of this method is that it can perform very well in __

It yielded significant speed advantages when __

The benefit of using the __ is expected to __

The main advantage is that we are able to __

To give some idea of the benefits of this method __

The additional advantage of using this method is that it results in __

This is an important advantage of this algorithm __

These are the main advantages of this method.

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