学术资讯 » 论文写作

  • 首 页
  • 期刊选题
  • 期刊点评
  • 期刊大全
  • 学人博客
  • 编辑征稿
  • 投稿选刊
  • 万维群组
  • 学术会议
  • 万维读书
  • SCI/E期刊
  • SSCI期刊
  • AHCI期刊
  • 科技论文写作常见痛点分析

    阅读: 2024/10/15 15:09:50

    论文写作应当思路清晰、简明扼要、层次恰当,以便读者能够立即理解你想表达的意思,而科技论文写作中造成读者理解困难的最常见的语法、结构和文体问题包含以下几点:

    1. Faulty comparison:不完整、含糊的比较。

    Our conclusions are consistent with Tamseela et al. → Our conclusions are consistent with the conclusions of/those of Tamseela et al.

    We found more fertilized eggs in buffer A compared to buffer B. → We found more fertilized eggs in buffer A than in buffer B. [使用比较级词语时,用 “than”;注意这里重复使用了“in”,目的是保持平行结构]

    KD increased over time compared to KA. → KD increased over time, but KA did not. [避免“compared to” 与 “decreased” 或 “increased” 一起使用,造成语义模糊]

    2. Noun cluster:两个或更多的名词排列。

    cultured rat tracheal endothelial cells → cultures of endothelial cells from the tracheas of rats

    3. Undefined abbreviation:正文中出现不加定义的非规范缩写。

    4. Inconsistent key term:使用互不联系的不同术语表示同一含义。

    5. Long sentences:使用太多的长句。

    6. Nominalization:使用名词替代更积极、有趣的动词。

    Measurement → measure

    7. Redundancy:用不同的方式重复表述同样的事情,或不必要的使用长的短语。

    the majority of → most

    reduced to dryness → dried

    utilize → use

    其他一些冗长的例子(括号中的词均属多余)。

    (already) existing

    (basic) fundamentals

    cold (temperature)

    (currently) underway

    each and every [choose one]

    estimated (roughly) at

    first (and foremost)

    (main) essentials

    period (of time)

    (still) persists

    at (the) present (time)

    blue (in color)

    (completely) eliminate

    each (individual)

    (end) result

    (final) outcome

    (future) plans

    never (before)

    可以简化的短语。

    Avoid

    Better

    Avoid

    Better

    a considerable number of

    many

    utilization

    use

    an adequate amount of

    enough

    with reference/regard to

    about (or omit)

    an example of this is the fact that

    for example

    with respect to

    about

    as a consequence of

    because

    with the exception of

    except

    at no time

    never

    due to the fact that

    due to

    based on the fact that

    because

    during the time that

    while, when

    by means of

    by

    first of all

    first

    despite the fact that

    although

    for the purpose of

    to

    in light of the fact that

    because

    has the capability of

    can, is able

    8. Faulty verb tense:错误的动词时态。

    9. Unspecific word choice:用词不准确或不清楚。

    The sample was incubated for several hours. 应给出数量值 (several hours → 24 hours)

    Nests were observed frequently for signs of predation. 应给出具体数据(frequently → every 12 hours)

    10. Faulty reference:正文中参考文献的位置错误、误引、不准确引用或漏引。11. Faulty structural element:必要的要素缺失、位置错误或模糊(如:没有阐述实验的目的、数据不加解释、缺少结论)。

    其他一些常见用错的词汇:

    significant(ly)

    只有在谈论统计学的重要性时才使用,而且要给出P值(P value),否则只能用important, substantial, markedly, meaningful或notable.

    Southern blotted → 正确用法应为:analyzed by southern blot

    Western blotted → 正确用法应为:subjected to western blot analysis或analyzed by western blot

    electrophorized → 正确用法应为:analyzed by/subjected to electrophoresis

    vortexed → vortex只能以名词形式存在,应改为was mixed by vortex

    此外,要谨慎处理语言表述:

    避免性别歧视。

    A nurse should double-check her IV settings. → Nurses should double-check their IV settings.

    减少病耻感(stigma)的语言注意事项。

    糖尿病患者 diabetic/diabetes patients → Person/People with diabetes

    控制control → manage

    转自科研立方微信公众号,仅作学习交流,如有侵权,请联系本站删除!


    浏览(183)
    点赞(0)
    收藏(0)
  • 上一篇:人文社科类学术网站和科研工具

    下一篇:科研论文写作相关知识介绍系列(三)

  • 首页

  • 文章

  • 期刊

  • 帮助

  • 我的

版权所有 Copyright@2023    备案号:豫ICP备2021036211号