5） 致谢部分

总的要求：Always get approval of your intention to mention someone in the acknowledgement and approval of the form in which you will present the acknowledgement, 即：致谢词和致谢方式必须征得受谢人或单位的同意。

6) 参考文献

总的要求：Reference styles should be specific to each journal, 既：根据各杂志的具体要求，因为各杂志对参考文献部分的编排顺序和格式不尽统一。现将URMSBJ要求的20多种参考文献中最常见的5种格式列举如下：

1） Vega KJ, Pina I, Krevsky B. Heart transplantation is associated with an increased risk for pancreatobiliary disease. Ann Intern Med 1996 Jun 1; 124(11): 980-3. [标准杂志文章]

2） The Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand. Clinical excise stress testing:Safety and performance guidelines. Med J Aust 1996; 164: 282-4. [作者是个组织]

3） Cancer in South Africa [editorial]. S Afr Med J 1984; 84: 15. [无作者名]

4） Shen HM, Zhang QF. Risk assessment of nickel cardiogenicity and occupational lung cancer. Environ Health Perspect 1994; 102 Suppl 1: 275-82. [某杂志增刊]

5） Browell DA, Lennard TW. Immunologic status of the cancer patient and the effects of blood transfusion on antitumor responses. Curr Opin Gen Surg 1993; 325-33 [无期无卷]

7) 插图说明

总 的要求：Type or point out legends for illustrations using double spacing, starting on a separate page, 既：插图说明要另页双行打印。当插图中有箭头（arrow）、符号（symbol）、数字（number）或字母（letter）时，要在这部分（不是在 插图页上）对其方向、位置等作出非常明确的说明。

8）插图

总的要求：Design your figures for the appropriate reduction, 即：插图要按杂志的版面大小比例进行压缩；不要把插图拍成照片。

9）表格

总 的要求：A table should be a totally self-contained unit of information, 即：表格要作为一个独立的信息单位另页打印。表格要简明清楚，完整（标题、内容和脚注），即使只有一张表格也要标Table 1。

10）照片和说明

总的要求：与7）、8）部分相同。

三、标题与标题页

1．标题

Titles are to be written to be understood by those in your field, telling them exactly what you have done in your work.（告诉你的同行确切研究了什么）

要求：

1） Short and concise（简明扼要）：Write in one line (not a sentence); not containing an active verb; not exceeding 25 words or 120-140 letters and spaces; no abbreviations or chemical symbols except those that are generally accepted, e.g. DNA, RNA, AIDS, CT, etc.;

2） Informative（信息丰富）：State exactly what you want the reader to know about your paper and your work;

3） Indexing（便于索引）：Pack as many key words or indexing terms as possible into the title without overloading it; key words not in the title will be in the abstract or can go in the “Key Words” section of the paper; key words are usually in the beginning or ending place of the title.

示例：（请根据上述原则说明以下标题的修改的理由）

1） 视网膜小血管变化是冠状动脉疾病的一个指标

Original: Retinal arteriolar changes are an indicator of coronary artery disease

Revised: Retinal arteriolar changes as an indicator of coronary artery disease

2) 用大剂量氨甲喋呤治疗急性淋巴细胞白血病的初步体会

Original: Preliminary experience in using high dose of methotrexate to treat ALL

Revised: High dose methotrexate therapy in acute lymphocytic leukemia

3) 关于饮食中钾含量与血压关系的研究

Original: A study of the relationship between the content of potassium in diet and blood pressure

Revised: Dietary potassium and blood pressure

为了满足标题写作的上述，有时对较长标题可采用副标题（subtitle）处理，如出现：

1) 病例数时，如：对急症室连续170例腹痛病例的回顾性研究

Original: A retrospective study on 170 consecutive cases of abdominal pain in the emergency room

Revised: Abdominal pain in the emergency room: Retrospective study of 170 consecutive cases

2) 研究性质/方法时，如：用磁共振成象术对正常怀孕期间垂体增大进行活体内研究

Original: Use MRI to conduct an in vivo study on the enlargement of the pituitary gland during normal pregnancy

Revised: Pituitary gland growth during normal pregnancy: An in vivo study using magnetic resonance imaging

3) 并列结构时，如：军队卫生防疫工作中出现的问题、原因与对策的初探

Original: A preliminary study on the problems, causes and countermeasures in health and epidemic prevention work of CPLA

Revised: Military health and epidemic prevention: Problems, causes and countermeasures

4) 解释性用词时，如：一例系统性红斑狼疮出现胰腺炎病例报告及文献综述

Original: A case report of SLE appearing pancreatitis and review of literatures

（说明：appear为不及物动词，不能跟宾语；literature一般为不可数名词)

Revised: Pancreatitis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): A case report and review of the literature

5) 提问或选择时，如：慢性腹痛是一种手术症状还是精神症状？

Original: Is chronic abdominal pain a surgical symptom or a psychiatric symptom?

Revised: Chronic abdominal pain: A surgical or psychiatric symptom?

无论何种形式的标题，都是为了达到本文开始所说的标题写作的三个基本要求：简明扼要、信息丰富、便于索引。

2．标题页

根据URMSBJ要求，论文标题及有关著录内容应单独双行打印，称为“标题页”（Title page），其内容包括：

1） 标题 （the title of the article）；

2） 所有作者的姓名及其最高学位、所属单位（the name by which each author is known, with his or her highest academic degree and institutional affiliation）；

3） 研究工作的归属部门或单位名称（the name of the department and institution to which the work should be attributed）；

4） 弃权者（若有）（disclaimers, if any）；

5） 负责通讯和校稿作者的姓名能够和详细地址（the name and address of the author responsible for correspondence and proof about the manuscript）；

6） 申请副本联系人姓名和地址（the name and address of the author to whom requests for reprints should be addressed）；

7） 资助、设备、药品来源（sources of support in the form of grants, equipment, drugs, or all of these）；

8） 不超过40个字母（包括间隔）的页眉标题（a short running head of no more than 40 letters and spaces at the foot of the title page）；

3．著录部分写法示例

1) 标题：

Use of steroid in the treatment of clinical septic shock

Unstable angina pectoris: Clinical, angiographic and myocadial scintigrapgic observations

2) 姓名：

标准式：Yang Jianguo, Guo Xiao’an *, Ouyang Kunpeng, and Lin Li

变式：YANG Jianguo；OUYANG Kunpeng; Yang, Jianguo, Jiangguo Yang

3) 单位：（From）Microbiology Department of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai

4) 地址：800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China **

5) 副本联系：Address reprint requests to: Cai Guangwen, Microbiology of Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. ChinaY

6) 资助：Supported / funded / granted / sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation （标书号、合同号等）// A projected funded by the National “863” Program

7) 页眉标题：angina pectoris [原标题见1)]

*当相连的两个汉语拼音为元音字母时，中间加“’”号，以免混淆，又如：Xi’an（西安）;

**省市名按拼音连写，如：Henan（河南），Shanxi（山西），Shaanxi（陕西）

4．标题写作中常用词（组）和表达方式

1) 用…(方法/手段)对…进行研究 / 分析 / 观察 / 评价:

study (analysis / observation / evaluation / assessment) of (on) … (by) using (by 方法 / with工具)…

e.g. In vivo study of pituitary enlargement in normal pregnancy using magnetic resonance imaging

2) A对B的作用:

effect of A on B

e.g. Immunomodulatory effect of alkaloid sinomenine in the mouse acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) model

3) A与B的相关性(关系):

correlation (relation / relationship) between A and B, there be

correlation of A with B and C, there be

A (be) correlated with B

常用修饰词: positively (正) / negatively (负) / significantly (明显) / insignificantly (不明显) / strongly (很大) / little (很小)

e.g. Positive correlation of CD44v6 expression with invasion and metastasis of human gastric cancer

4) 用…治疗…

use of … in the treatment of ….(病) in… (生物)

e.g. Use of sulphamethizole in the treatment of urinary tract infection in the elderly

5) A 是B

A as B

e.g. Thyroid cancer as a late consequence of head-neck irradiation

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