在英文科技论文写作中，作者需尽力确保所有读者都能理解文章含义，避免让部分读者感到难以理解。在基金项目申请和文章写作中，尤需注意避免使用下述表达。

Jargon（行话）中的单词和短语，虽然在交流中易于理解，但其含义或模糊不清，或非人性化[1]。在特定的医学领域中，行话可时常用于速记，但在正式的科技论文写作中需避免使用行话。

例 句

错误: The patient’s labs revealed a serum creatinine level well above the reference range.

正确: The patient’s laboratory test results revealed a serum creatinine level well above the reference range.

错误: The patient was prepped for surgery.

正确: The patient was prepared for surgery.

错误: Nearly 40 million diabetics reside in the United States.

正确: Nearly 40 million people with diabetes reside in the United States.

Clichés（陈词滥调）指曾具有新意且发人深省的用语，但由于被过度使用，以至于失去了实际意义[2]。在很多情况下，滥用语可以用更明确及易于理解的术语替代。

例 句

错误: We used state-of-the-art technology to investigate the tumor microenvironment of prostate cancer.

正确: We used single-cell RNA sequencing technology to investigate the tumor microenvironment of prostate cancer.

某些情况下，最好直接将滥用语省略。

例 句

错误: The findings of this cutting-edge study have implications for the treatment of prostate cancer.

正确: The findings of this study have implications for the treatment of prostate cancer.

Idioms（习语）和colloquialisms（俗语）是在非正式的日常对话中常用的表达，其含义无法根据单词构成进行推断。习语和俗语不够正式，且对于非母语人士而言难以理解。

例 句

错误: The patient agreed to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but he drew the line at surgery.

正确: The patient agreed to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but he refused surgery.

错误: We cannot continue to put up with the lack of effective therapies for this disease.

正确: We cannot continue to tolerate the lack of effective therapies for this disease.

错误: The patient flatlined despite multiple attempts at resuscitation.

正确: The patient died despite multiple attempts at resuscitation.

除了以上需避免的用语，非生物医学领域的专业单词和短语也应避免使用，例如marketing，business，finance。尽管这些术语在其所属领域十分常用，但对于科技论文写作而言并非必要，且容易令人困惑。

例 句

修改前: We will leverage these findings to develop novel hypotheses regarding the role of this gene in breast cancer metastasis.

修改后: We will use these findings to develop novel hypotheses regarding the role of this gene in breast cancer metastasis.

修改前: The deliverables of our study include an improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying breast cancer metastasis.

修改后: Our study provides an improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying breast cancer metastasis.

修改前: The knowledge capitol gained from these analyses will be used to investigate other promising therapies for patients with metastatic breast cancer.

修改后: The knowledge gained from these analyses will be used to investigate other promising therapies for patients with metastatic breast cancer.

同样地，隐喻的表述手法，尤其是体育隐喻，在科技论文写作中也应尽量减少且审慎使用。

例 句

修改前: In terms of its performance in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia, imatinib is a home run.

修改后: In terms of its performance in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia, imatinib is a great success.

最后一点，科技论文的写作是一项严肃的工作，显然也不能使用俚语。

例 句

错误: We eighty-sixed the expired antibiotics.

正确: We threw out the expired antibiotics.

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